Training, Validation, and Test Sets … Explained

An image that shows how we split data into training, validation, and test datasets for machine learning.

Welcome to our deep dive into one of the foundations of machine learning: Training, Validation, and Test Sets. In this blog post, I’ll explain the purpose of having these different machine learning datasets, explaining their roles, and discuss a few of the main strategies for data splitting. If you need something specific, just click on … Read more

Classification Threshold, Explained

An image that roughly explains how classification threshold works.

If you want to master machine learning and AI, you’ll need to learn and master a variety of minor concepts that underpin these systems. One such concept is the classification threshold. The classification threshold is critical for a large number of machine learning algorithms – from logistic regression to neural network classification – and it’s … Read more

Binary Classification, Explained

An image that shows how binary classification categorizes a data example into one of two categories.

Binary classification stands as a fundamental concept of machine learning, serving as the cornerstone for many predictive modeling tasks. At its core, binary classification involves categorizing data into two distinct groups based on specific criteria, a process akin to making a ‘yes or no’ decision. This simplicity conceals its broad usefulness, in tasks ranging from … Read more

Positive and Negative Classes, Explained

An image that shows different examples of positive and negative in machine learning.

In this blog post, I’m going to quickly explain positive and negative classes in machine learning classification. I’ll explain what the positive and negative classes are, how they relate to classification metric, some examples of positive and negative in real-world machine learning, and more. If you need something specific, just click on one of these … Read more

F1 Score, Explained

An image that shows how F1 score is computed from True Positives, False Positives and False Negatives.

If you want to master modern machine learning and AI, one of the major sub-areas that you need to master is classification. Classification is one of the most important types of task in machine learning and AI. But mastering classification, in part, means mastering how to evaluate classification systems. Which in turn, means understanding the … Read more

Classifier Recall, Explained

An image that shows how classification recall is calculated from True Positives and False Negatives.

Machine learning – and the related field of AI – will probably be worth millions of dollars for people who master these skills. But as I always tell my students: to master ML and AI, you need to master the basics. And part of “the basics” are evaluation metrics … … like classifier recall. This … Read more

Classifier Precision, Explained

An image that shows a classifier classifying examples with positive and negative predictions, and then an accompanying equation that visualizes classification precision as true positives divided by true positives plus false positives.

This blog post explains precision in classifiers and machine learning models. It will explain what precision is, the pros and cons of this metric, how to improve precision, and more. Table of Contents: A Quick Review of Classification Precision Basics Pros and Cons of Precision How to Improve Precision Alternatives to Precision If there’s something … Read more

Sklearn confusion_matrix, Explained

An image of a confusion matrix, similar to the type of confusion matrix that we would make with Sklearn confusion_matrix.

Scikit-learn, which is affectionately known as sklearn among Python data scientists, is a Python library that offers a wide range of machine learning tools. Among these tools is the confusion_matrix function, which is indispensable when working on classification problems. So in this tutorial, I’ll show you how to use the sklearn confusion_matrix function. I’ll give … Read more

Classification Accuracy, Explained

An image of an arrow hitting a bullseye, and the equation for classification accuracy.

This blog post will explain classification accuracy. It will explain what accuracy is, the pros and cons of this metric, how to improve accuracy, and more. Table of Contents: A Quick Review of Classification Classification Accuracy Basics Pros and Cons of Accuracy How to Improve Accuracy Alternatives to Accuracy If you need something specific, you … Read more